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作者：小雅和英美友人
◆ 推土机、挖掘机、起重机......英文都怎吗说？ ◆ 只会说carry？教你“运”的三种说法。 ◆ Digger和excavator有什么区别？
Construction Vehicles 工程车
Mom: Do you want to play in the sandbox today?
妈妈：你今天想去沙盒里玩吗？
The weather is perfect
天气不错， and it looks quiet at the park. 公园里也很安静。 Child: Yes. I can bring all my new trucks I got for my birthday! 宝宝：嗯。我要带上我生日收到的全部新卡车！
Mom: You can!
妈妈：可以啊！ Grandma and Grandpa will be glad to know that you are playing with your new trucks. 爷爷奶奶知道你玩新卡车会很高兴的。 Let's put them in this bag. 咱们把它们装到这个包里。 Let's go! 出发吧！ ☀ At the Park 在公园
Mom: I'll help you set them out. 妈妈：我帮你把它们拿出来摆好。 Can you tell me what each one does? 你能告诉我每辆都是干什么的吗？ We call these kinds of trucks "construction vehicles". 我们管这些卡车叫做“工程车”。 Why don't you start with this one first? 你先说说这辆吧。 Child: I think this one is a bulldozer. 宝宝：我觉得这辆是推土机。 Bulldozer读作 [ˈbuldəuzə]。
Mom: How can you tell?
妈妈：你怎吗知道的？ Child: It has a bucket with a blade at the end 宝宝：它后面有一个带刀片的斗，
and is made to clear or push stuff away.
是用来清理或者把东西推走的。 Mom: How is the bulldozer different from this one over here? 妈妈：推土机和这边这辆有什么区别？ Child: That's the front loader. 宝宝：那是前端装载机。
It's for moving dirt.
它是用来运土的。 It can scoop dirt into its bucket 它能把土铲到斗里， and move it to a different place. 然后运到别的地方。 It is also usually a little bit smaller. 它通常会稍微小一点儿。 Mom: What about that one over there? 妈妈：那边那辆呢？ Child: This one is a dump truck. 宝宝：这是一辆翻斗车。
It has a huge bucket on the back
它的后面有一个巨大的斗， to carry very large loads of dirt. 用来运大量的土。 It can't scoop any dirt into the back, 它不能把土铲到后面， but it can pour it all out. 但是它能把它都倒出去。 Mom: It sounds like the dump truck can also haul stuff to another construction site if they need it to. 妈妈：好像如果需要的话，翻斗车也能把东西运到另一个建筑工地。 三个表达"运"的词：
(1) Move泛指各种运送方式、可以是抬，也可以是推。
(2) Carry指需要一定的力量，且必须离开地面。
(3) Haul是
carry，且东西较重、运送距离较远。
Child: What does "haul" mean? 宝宝：“搬运”是什么意思？ Mom: It means to carry a large load some distance. 妈妈：它的意思是远距离运大量的货物。 Child: Like I haul my school bag to school each day? 宝宝：就像我每天把书包搬运到学校吗？ Mom: Yeah, kind of like that. 妈妈：对，差不多。 What about this one with two buckets? 这辆带两个斗的呢？ Child: That's the backhoe. 宝宝：那是反铲挖土机。 Grandpa also said we can call it a digger. 爷爷说还可以叫它小型挖掘机。 It can dig with its scoop in the back 它可以用后面的铲子挖， and it can move dirt with its bucket in the front. 还可以用前面的斗运土。 Look, the scoop is at the end of hydraulic arm. 看，铲子在液压臂的末端。 Hydraulic读作 [haiˈdrɔ:lik]。
Here, I can show you. 来，我给您演示一下。 Construction workers can use it for digging trenches. 建筑工人可以用它挖沟。 Mom: Thanks for the demonstration. 妈妈：谢谢演示。 That looks a lot like an excavator. 它看起来很像挖掘机。 Excavator读作 ['ekskə,veitə]。
Child: They are similar,
宝宝：它们很像， but the excavator is larger. 但是挖掘机更大。 It is better for demolition projects, 它更适合拆迁项目， Mom: You know a lot about all these vehicles! 妈妈：你还真了解这些车！ This is my favorite, the crane, 这是我最喜欢的，起重机， because it is so tall! 因为它很高！ Child: Cranes can lift very heavy things and move them... 宝宝：起重机可以吊起很重的东西，运它们…… What's the word Grandpa used? 爷爷用的什么词来着？ Mom: Horizontally? 妈妈：程度地？ Is that what he said? 他是说的这个吗？ Child: Yes, that's it! 宝宝：嗯，就是这个！ This one over here is the compactor. 那边那辆是压路机。
It packs dirt in nice and tight!
它把土压紧实！ It's a lot like a steam roller, I think. 我觉得它很像蒸汽压路机。 My next one is the forklift. 我要讲的下一个是叉车。 They lift and move heavy items over short distances and in tighter spaces. 它们在较小的空间里，短距离抬起和搬运重物。
Mom: So many of them!
妈妈：这吗多种！ It is amazing that you can tell me about each of them. 太厉害了，每一种你都能讲出来。 You'll have to give Grandma and Grandpa the same report when we see them next time. 下次咱们见到爷爷奶奶的时候，你给他们也汇报一下。 They will be delighted that you have learned so much! 你学了这吗多，他们一定很开心！ | 
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